Gone are the taboos. Going to psychological therapy today is not something viewed with suspicion, not even something you have to resort to only if you have a big problem that you are unable to solve. It is a tool that helps you grow as a person, know yourself and improve your relationships with the environment in all its facets, from social to work. The mind, our unconscious, our emotions... working on the different stages of who we are will make us better and will facilitate the path towards well-being. A path in which the psychotherapist is a key figure to guide your steps. However, there are many and very different therapeutic currents that you can access and knowing them will help you to know which of them best suits your goals.
Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalytic therapy is based on the principles of Sigmund Freud and is based on finding an explanation for human behavior by rescuing conflicts that originate in childhood. It works on instinct, impulses, on what has been repressed and remains hidden from consciousness. One of the techniques used is the so-called 'free association', by which the patient dedicates the sessions to expressing their feelings, thoughts, ideas, images or memories, as they come, without the need for coherence or filter. The therapist, who usually stays behind the patient, once expressed detects where the conflict may be.
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Cognitive-behavioral
This stream explores how thoughts and learned beliefs have an emotional and behavioral response. It draws from cognitive and behavioral psychology and groups together techniques whose objective is to provide tools for the patient to improve their abilities and, in this way, deal with their problems and conflicts in a healthy way. It allows you to recognize and modify dysfunctional thought patterns so that they no longer negatively affect behavior. The therapist detects the responsible origin and establishes a series of techniques aimed at breaking that chain, such as work on social skills. It is a much more directive current.
Gestalt
Gestalt therapy is a subcurrent of the humanistic family, known as the third wave of psychology. It identifies the person as a conscious and constantly developing being and the main objective is self-realization. On that basis, Gestalt therapy uses experiential techniques where creativity plays an important role. It attends to the present moment, to the awareness of the emotions and the body, understanding everything as something indissoluble. The patient explores his needs, asks himself questions, learns to listen to his body voice, not to repress his emotions. He lives and explores new solutions without the directing hand of the therapist who acts more like a trusted companion.
systemic
It understands the person as part of a system of relationships, in which he interacts, communicates and lives together. It is a suitable current to treat couples or families, for example, but also individual subjects, always from a relationship perspective. It seeks the balance of systems, understanding the behavior of the person based on the environment and readjusting the dynamics to resolve dysfunctions. Eating disorders, addictions or relationship problems within a group are cases in which this current can be especially useful.
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