San Simón Zahuatlán.- Immersed in the seam of rubber and hats balls, the families of San Simón Zahuatlán, the poorest municipality in Mexico, see the year spend without the festive dates representing more than a normal day of work.
In this community nestled in the Mixteca region, Viveo Martínez, a 23 -year -old who is about to conclude his community baccalaureate.For lack of resources it will not go to college;His plan is to go to Monterrey in search of employment.
"I would like to work in one of those government programs that help people, to help my people," says Gerardo in a melancholic voice.
Photo: Edwin Hernández
The little money is also the cause of several families to live in the same space, because although there are land, there is no one to pay housing construction.
Florencia Zacarías, mother of two children, lives with her brother -in -law's family and her husband's grandparents in a two -square -square -square room, facilitated by the federal government.
"At this time, they get sick because the cold enters through all the holes," he explains, while his eyes cry for the flu he gave him a few days ago;Her husband's children and grandmother of her husband also got sick.
“There is no job here, but we want to sew balls and others making hats.It is difficult, but we try to do a lot for children;Now that I have sick, it is more complicated, ”he tells.
Zahuatlán is a municipality of 4,940 speakers of Tu´un Savi;Of these, 99.6%live in poverty, according to the National Council for Evaluation of Social Development Policy (Coneval) in their 2020 Report on poverty indicators in the municipalities of Mexico.
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Like the rest of the 15 poorest municipalities in the country (12 of which are in OaxacHousing, educational lag and health.
They live up to date
For each hand -failed ball, which each person takes a work day, they receive 15 pesos of payment.To complete, Gerardo distributes the molds;Thanks to this he wins two more pesos;A week he receives 300.
When he was little, he remembers, his father paid 12 pesos per ball;15 years later, remuneration has only grown up with pesos.However, that ball will be sold by up to 250.
“There are some who know how to make hats, but I don't, so I make pure balls.My sister -in -law makes balls;There is no other job to do, ”says Lucina, 47, whose face appears older age.
Photo: Edwin Hernández
"I ended one and a half or up to two balls a day.A man comes to leave us and we do them.They pay us 15 pesos and because it does not reach us, ”he says.
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To that he adds that he stopped receiving government support, because they only give people with children with children.
Florencia Zacarías agrees that the money he obtains for his work is not enough to live: “A week he gained 150 pesos for 10 balls.Do you think that is enough for four children, plus adults living in this house? ”.
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Benita Ignacia is a grandmother of the husband of Florence, she began to weave hats at an early age by necessity, "a time asked for food in the houses, but then learned to weave and since then he does it," translates Florence, because the woman only speaksA Savi.
Ignacia wakes up at six in the morning every day to weave hats, because at that time, for the ambient temperature, the palm does not break.Another neighborhood weaver explains that the trade is not profitable, but there are no other jobs.
Photo: Edwin Hernández
"Sometimes you offer your hats up to 10 pesos, to be sold," says Doña Antonia, 54, through a young woman who helps her translate.
In nine out of 10 indigenous municipalities, more than 60% of the population was poverty in 2020, according to Coneval.
The plague: the other evil
As if that were not enough, the plague known as "Blind Gallina" devastated the cultivation of corn in San Simón Zahuatlán;At the same time, its price increased in dichonsa stores.
"We sow corn, also a little bean, but it doesn't reach us," says Lucila.Details that a corn sack only reaches five to eight days.
The sack of 50 kilos in dichonsa is 250 pesos.When it ends, it is brought from Huajuapan de León;And for the transfer, it makes up to almost 400 pesos.
Forced to migrate
Florencia Zacarías takes care of a niece and a nephew, because her parents went to work in Mexico City.
In addition to the capital, Puebla and Monterrey are the main work destinations of the residents of Zahuatlán, who usually work in masonry or are dedicated to selling sweets.
The town is one of the indigenous municipalities with the greatest internal migration, according to the 2020 Population and Housing Census of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI).
San Simón is also the municipality with the largest number of young people who do not attend school in the Mixteca region, according to the census.
Among the municipalities with the lowest degree of schooling of the population aged 15 and over, San Simón Zahuatlán is located with an average of 4.1.
Photo: Edwin Hernández
Works without impact
Although the rural road that communicates to San Simón Zahuatlán with the outside is about to conclude, it takes more than a work to give up to poverty.
Encanding with the environment, in the poorest municipality in the country, a large municipal auditorium built with 8 million 892 thousand pesos stands on the sheet houses in which, overcrowded, people continue to weaving balls and hats, without time or motifs forcelebrate.
Photo: Edwin Hernández